Some adventurers may open manholes from above with crowbars or specialized manhole opening hooks.
Pipe roofing in tunnels.
Pipe roof is one of the tunnel support system used during a shallow tunnel construction.
In these areas tunneling can cause ground settlement endangering buildings and other structures on the surface as well as the people working inside the tunnel.
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Pre support in tunnel construction is becoming increasingly important as transportation systems expand and more and more roads and railways have to be run through areas of unstable ground.
Pipe roofing is one of the umbrella arch methods where steel and or fiberglass pipes are installed around the tunnel periphery with an angle around 5 10 from the horizon.
The installation of the support utilizes the area around the crown and sides of the tunnel wall.
The answer is pipe roofing the technique of pre reinforcing the ground ahead of the tunnel face to ensure that the excavation can proceed.
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It acts as a temporary reinforcement to enhance the soil structure before any excavation being held.